Milk Production in india-The indian express-18-08-2022

GS-3

Context :

Amul and Mother Dairy have raised their prices of milk, and several other dairy companies across the country


India being a predominantly agrarian economy has about 70 per cent of its population living in villages, where livestock play a crucial role in the socio-economic life. Livestock provide high-quality foods such as milk, cheese, butter, ghee, etc. India is not only one of the top producers of milk in the world, but also the largest consumer of milk and milk products in the world. Due to the shortfall in supply, we have to import significant amounts of milk products to meet internal demand.
India is ranked 1st in milk production contributing 23 % of global milk production. Milk production in the country has grown at a compound annual growth rate of about 6.2 % to reach 209.96 mn tonnes in 2020-21 from 146.31 mn tonnes in 2014-15 .
Approximately 150 million households around the globe are engaged in milk production.


Various Schemes & Initiatives by Government of India and NABARD for Expanding Milk Processing in the country:
1. National Programme for Dairy Development (NPDD)
Implemented by Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying (DAHD) is implementing NPDD, To create and strengthen infrastructure for production of quality milk including cold chain infrastructure linking the farmer to the consumer,To create and strengthen infrastructure for procurement, processing and marketing of milk ,To create training infrastructure for training of dairy farmers.

2. Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme (DEDS)
Implemented by NABARD
To generate self-employment and provide infrastructure for dairy sector,to set up modern dairy farms and infrastructure for production of clean milk , to bring structural changes in the unorganized sector, so that initial processing of milk can be taken up at the village level.

Factor driving the rise of price :

1. Fall in production
Dairies across the country are reporting a shortfall of 8-10% in milk collection.
2. Rise in cattle feed cost :
The reduction in milk yield has come on the back of rising cost of cattle feed. Heavy rainfall in several parts of the country has resulted in lower green fodder.

3. Disease in cattle :
Some major milk-producing states have seen a rise in cases of disease among cattle. Lumpy Skin Disease, which leads to fall in milk output, has been reported in Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana
4. Demand-supply mismatch
The pandemic-hit dairy industry has reported a complete recovery. This year, the demand for liquid milk is also high compared to previous years.