Cime rate in India- The Hindu-30-08-2022

GS-2
POLITY
CONTEXT:
According to the NCRB report rape, kidnapping, atrocities against children, and robberies increased last year.

PRELIM AND MAINS:

About National Crime Control Bureau:
NCRB is headquartered in New Delhi and is part of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India.
It was set up in 1986 to function as a repository of information on crime and criminals.
It was established on the recommendations of the Tandon Committee to the National Police Commission (1977-1981) and the MHA’s Taskforce (1985).
NCRB was entrusted with the responsibility for monitoring, coordinating and implementing the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) project in the year 2009.
To Empower Indian Police with Information Technology and Criminal Intelligence to enable them to uphold the law and protect people. To provide leadership and excellence in crime analysis, particularly for serious and organized crime.
In August 2017, NCRB launched the National Digital Police Portal, which allows search for a criminal/suspect on the CCTNS database.
The Bureau has also been entrusted to maintain the National Database of Sexual Offenders (NDSO) and share it with the States/UTs on a regular basis.
NCRB has also been designated as the Central Nodal Agency to manage technical and operational functions of the ‘Online Cyber-Crime Reporting Portal.

Key points found in this report:

The number of registered rape cases increased from 28,046 in 2020 to 31,677 in 2021, closer to the 2019 figure of 32,032.
Cases related to kidnapping and abduction fell to 84,805 in 2020 from 1,05,036 cases in 2019 but again rose to 1,01,707 in 2021.
On the other hand, murder cases continued their consistent increase with 29,272 cases in 2021, up from 29,193 in 2020 and 28,915 in 2019.
However, the number of overall registered cognisable crimes decreased from 66 lakh in 2020 to 60.9 lakh in 2021, a 7.6% fall.
The crime rate (crimes per 1 lakh people) also decreased from 487.8 in 2020 to 445.9 in 2021.
The decline in overall crimes in 2021 can be attributed to a sharp decrease in cases registered under ‘disobedience to order duly promulgated by a public servant (Section 188 of the IPC).
Such cases were registered mainly over violations of COVID19 norms. They were also recorded under ‘Other IPC Crimes’ and ‘Other State Local Acts.’ The number of cases filed under Section 188 of the IPC almost halved from 6.12 lakh cases in 2020 to 3.22 lakh in 2021.
Cases filed under ‘Other IPC Crimes’ more than halved from 10.6 lakh in 2020 to 4.9 lakh in 2021.
However, overall cognisable crimes in 2021 continued to be higher than 2019 levels (51.6 lakh cases), with COVIDrelated violations contributing to the bulk of the increase, despite the decline compared to 2020.
In 2021, the rate of violent crimes (per 1 lakh people) among major States was the highest in Assam — 76.6 violent crimes per 1 lakh people, followed by Delhi at 57 and West Bengal at 48.7.
The rate was the lowest in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Notably, the biggest increase in the rate of violent crimes was recorded in Odisha.
The State’s violent crime rate increased from 38 in 2020 to 48.6 in 2021.
Delhi also recorded a significant uptick in violent crimes with the rate increasing from 49.2 in 2020 to 57 in 2021.