India’s Progress in Tackling IMR, MMR and Malnutrition - IE - 05/12/22

Context:
The data presented by the Registrar General of India (RGI) presents a gain in momentum of the pace of decline in India’s maternal and infant mortality rates (MMR and IMR) post-2005.
Unfortunately, nutrition is one key area that has remained oblivious to any major progress.
Relevance:
GS2 - Issues related woman and children
About:

Registrar General of India:
Founded in 1961 under the Ministry of Home Affairs, the RGI arranges, conducts and analyses the results of the demographic surveys of India (Census of India and Linguistic Survey of India).
The position of Registrar is usually held by a civil servant holding the rank of Joint Secretary.

Progress has been Made in Reducing MMRs and IMRs:-
-Declining Trends: According to a special bulletin released by the office of the RGI, India’s MMR was 97 during 2018-2020 compared to 301 during 2001-03.
-Role of NHM and NRHM: As observed, for the last few years the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Health Mission (NHM) has been a game changer for the country in terms of mortality reductions for infants and mothers.

->Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body is deprived of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function. Malnutrition occurs in people who are either undernourished or over nourished.

Initiatives have been launched to Tackle Malnutrition:-
-POSHAN Abhiyaan
-Anemia Mukt Bharat Abhiyan
-The National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013
-Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)
-Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme