Peace in North East India - IE - 20/12/22

Context:
Recently, the Union Government has reported that there has been an 80% decline in civilian deaths and 6,000 militants have surrendered in North East India since 2014.
Relevance:
GS2; GS3
About:

->Key Peace Developments in North East India:
-Assam-Meghalaya Inter State Boundary Agreement, 2022
-Karbi Anglong Agreement, 2021
-Bodo Accord, 2020
-Bru-Reang Agreement, 2020
-NLFT-Tripura Agreement, 2019
-Roll Back of Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA)

->Significance of North East for India:

i. Strategic Significance: North-East India is the gateway to South-East Asia and beyond. It is India’s land-bridge to Myanmar. India's Act East Policy places the northeastern states on the territorial frontier of India's eastward engagement.

ii. Cultural Significance: North East India is one of the most culturally diverse areas of the world. It is home to over 200 tribes. Popular festivals include the Hornbill Festival of Nagaland, Pang Lhabsol of Sikkim, etc. North-east India is a Dowry-Free Zone.

iii. Economic Significance: Economically, the Region is rich in natural resources of “TOT” (Tea, Oil, and Timber). It is a veritable powerhouse with a potential of 50000 MW of hydroelectric power and an abundant reserve of fossil fuels.

iv. Ecological Significance: North East is a part of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. It represents one of the highest avian and plant biodiversity of the Indian subcontinent.

Government's Other Initiatives for the North East:
-Infrastructure: Bharatmala Pariyojana
Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS)-UDAN
-Connectivity: Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Project
India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway

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